In the current cryptocurrency ecosystem, SHIB tokens have gained a lot of attention due to their unique design and functionality. One of the core components of the SHIB token is the Bor module, which plays a vital role in the Shibarium network. This article will delve into the operating principles of the Bor module, the selection process of validators, and its consensus mechanism in the blockchain.
Basic concepts of Bor module
As the core component of the Shibarium network, Bor follows the principles of EIP-225 and adopts the Clique consensus protocol. This protocol enables Bor to operate efficiently during the block production process, ensuring the security and stability of the network.
Validator Committee Selection: In Shibarium, the Bor layer relies on the validators in the validator pool for committee selection. This process is based on the validator's stake and is randomly shuffled at regular intervals. The governance structure of validators affects how this process works, especially in the context of dynasties and networks. The probability of being selected as a member of the Block Producer Committee is determined by the ratio of collateral to collateral power.
Validator selection process
Validators are assigned based on their stake, and historical Ethereum block data is used as the seed for randomization. Validators are selected based on the number of producers maintained by the validator governance, with one producer selected each sprint using Tendermint's proposer selection algorithm.
Bor Consensus Mechanism: In Shibarium’s Proof of Stake (PoS) system, participants need to stake Bone tokens in designated Ethereum smart contracts to become validators. The Bor module in Heimdall will select active validators as block producers.
Span and Sprint mechanism
In Bor, a span is a defined set of blocks in which a specific subset of validators is selected. Within each span, each validator is assigned voting rights, which affects their chances of being selected as a block producer. Sprint is a small subset within span, which specifically designates a block producer to generate blocks.
Block authorization and backup mechanism: Block producers, also known as signers, authorize the generation of blocks by signing the hash of the block. Bor will designate a backup producer in case the primary producer fails to generate blocks. The predetermined wiggle time determines when the backup producer starts generating blocks.
Difficulty indicators and fork resolution: In Bor, blocks signed sequentially have a higher difficulty than blocks signed randomly. When encountering a fork, Bor will choose the fork with the highest cumulative difficulty, giving priority to blocks produced in order.
View changes and Span promises
Whenever a span ends, Bor will perform a view change to obtain a new producer for the next span. This process involves sending an HTTP request to the Heimdall node to obtain new span data, and making a commitSpan call to update the genesis contract of BorValidatorSet.
Synchronizing with the state of Ethereum: Bor has a mechanism to forward events from the Ethereum chain. This process involves triggering StateSynced events on Ethereum, monitored by Heimdall, and Bor committing at the beginning of each sprint. State synchronization ensures consistency between Ethereum and the Bor chain.
State synchronization mechanism: State synchronization transmits data from Ethereum to Bor through system calls. The verifier of the Heimdall layer will listen to the StateSynced event and pass it to the Bor layer. Bor uses system calls to update its status after getting new status synchronization records after each sprint.
in conclusion
The design of the SHIB token and its Bor module demonstrates the innovation and progress of current blockchain technology. Through an efficient validator selection process, advanced consensus mechanisms, and state synchronization with Ethereum, Bor not only improves the efficiency of the Shibarium network, but also enhances its security and stability. As blockchain technology continues to develop, the future of SHIB tokens and Bor modules will be full of infinite possibilities.